“How Big is a” vocab terms:
micron: .000001 of a meter
angstrom: 1.0 × 10-10 meters
virus: a microscopic particle capable of infecting cells of living organisms and inserting its genetic material.
bacteria: one of two prokaryotic domains of life, the other being Archaea.
nanotechnology: the branch of technology that deals with dimensions and tolerances of less than 100 nanometers, especially the manipulation of individual atoms and molecules.
unique to plants unique to animals
definitions for these terms:
eukaryote- an organism consisting of a cell or cells in which the genetic material is DNA in the form of chromosomes contained within a distinct nucleus
prokaryote- a microscopic single-celled organism that has neither a distinct nucleus with a membrane nor other specialized organelles
nucleus- the central and most important part of an object, movement, or group, forming the basis for its activity and growth.
nucleolus- a small dense spherical structure in the nucleus of a cell during interphase
endoplasmic reticulum (rough and smooth)- a network of membranous tubules within the cytoplasm of a eukaryotic cell, continuous with the nuclear membrane
centriole- a minute cylindrical organelle near the nucleus in animal cells, occurring in pairs and involved in the development of spindle fibers in cell division
Golgi- an organelle, consisting of layers of flattened sacs, that takes up and processes secretory and synthetic products from the endoplasmic reticulum and then either releases the finished products into various parts of the cell cytoplasm or secretes them to the outside of the cell.
cytoskeleton- a microscopic network of protein filaments and tubules in the cytoplasm of many living cells, giving them shape and coherence
mitochondria- an organelle found in large numbers in most cells, in which the biochemical processes of respiration and energy production occur
vacuole- a space or vesicle within the cytoplasm of a cell, enclosed by a membrane and typically containing fluid
cell theory- cells are the basic units of structure and function in living organisms
cytosol- the aqueous component of the cytoplasm of a cell, within which various organelles and particles are suspended
cytoplasm- the material or protoplasm within a living cell, excluding the nucleus
centrosome- an organelle near the nucleus of a cell that contains the centrioles (in animal cells) and from which the spindle fibers develop in cell division.
centriole- a minute cylindrical organelle near the nucleus in animal cells, occurring in pairs and involved in the development of spindle fibers in cell division.
lysosome- an organelle in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells containing degradative enzymes enclosed in a membrane
vesicle- a fluid- or air-filled cavity or sac
cell membrane-
cell wall- a rigid layer of polysaccharides lying outside the plasma membrane of the cells of plants, fungi, and bacteria.
plastids (chloroplasts, chromoplasts, leucoplasts)- any of a class of small organelles, such as chloroplasts, in the cytoplasm of plant cells, containing pigment or food
ribosome- a minute particle consisting of RNA and associated proteins, found in large numbers in the cytoplasm of living cells
microtubules- a microscopic tubular structure present in numbers in the cytoplasm of cells, sometimes aggregating to form more complex structures
microfilaments- a small rod like structure present in numbers in the cytoplasm of many eukaryotic cells
micron: .000001 of a meter
angstrom: 1.0 × 10-10 meters
virus: a microscopic particle capable of infecting cells of living organisms and inserting its genetic material.
bacteria: one of two prokaryotic domains of life, the other being Archaea.
nanotechnology: the branch of technology that deals with dimensions and tolerances of less than 100 nanometers, especially the manipulation of individual atoms and molecules.
unique to plants unique to animals
definitions for these terms:
eukaryote- an organism consisting of a cell or cells in which the genetic material is DNA in the form of chromosomes contained within a distinct nucleus
prokaryote- a microscopic single-celled organism that has neither a distinct nucleus with a membrane nor other specialized organelles
nucleus- the central and most important part of an object, movement, or group, forming the basis for its activity and growth.
nucleolus- a small dense spherical structure in the nucleus of a cell during interphase
endoplasmic reticulum (rough and smooth)- a network of membranous tubules within the cytoplasm of a eukaryotic cell, continuous with the nuclear membrane
centriole- a minute cylindrical organelle near the nucleus in animal cells, occurring in pairs and involved in the development of spindle fibers in cell division
Golgi- an organelle, consisting of layers of flattened sacs, that takes up and processes secretory and synthetic products from the endoplasmic reticulum and then either releases the finished products into various parts of the cell cytoplasm or secretes them to the outside of the cell.
cytoskeleton- a microscopic network of protein filaments and tubules in the cytoplasm of many living cells, giving them shape and coherence
mitochondria- an organelle found in large numbers in most cells, in which the biochemical processes of respiration and energy production occur
vacuole- a space or vesicle within the cytoplasm of a cell, enclosed by a membrane and typically containing fluid
cell theory- cells are the basic units of structure and function in living organisms
cytosol- the aqueous component of the cytoplasm of a cell, within which various organelles and particles are suspended
cytoplasm- the material or protoplasm within a living cell, excluding the nucleus
centrosome- an organelle near the nucleus of a cell that contains the centrioles (in animal cells) and from which the spindle fibers develop in cell division.
centriole- a minute cylindrical organelle near the nucleus in animal cells, occurring in pairs and involved in the development of spindle fibers in cell division.
lysosome- an organelle in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells containing degradative enzymes enclosed in a membrane
vesicle- a fluid- or air-filled cavity or sac
cell membrane-
cell wall- a rigid layer of polysaccharides lying outside the plasma membrane of the cells of plants, fungi, and bacteria.
plastids (chloroplasts, chromoplasts, leucoplasts)- any of a class of small organelles, such as chloroplasts, in the cytoplasm of plant cells, containing pigment or food
ribosome- a minute particle consisting of RNA and associated proteins, found in large numbers in the cytoplasm of living cells
microtubules- a microscopic tubular structure present in numbers in the cytoplasm of cells, sometimes aggregating to form more complex structures
microfilaments- a small rod like structure present in numbers in the cytoplasm of many eukaryotic cells